（1）短语动词
turn up the radio/music 开大
He hasn’t turned up yet. //at the party 出现，露面
turn down the music 关小
~ his application for the job.//his demand 拒绝
turn out to be wrong 证明是
~ the new model cars 生产
turn/hand over the company to me 转交，移交
turn to the teacher 求助于
If you are physically ill, please turn to the doctor.
call forequality/intensive care//considerable efforts //patience 要求，需要
call off the meeting //the date //order 取消
call at the construction site 访问
call on sb 号召，拜访
come across my former teacher, an old picture 遇到，偶然碰见，意外发现
come out (news/book ～) 公开，出版
come about How does it ~ that your answers are identical to mine? 发生
come (a)round after operation 手术后苏醒
come up with a new idea 想出
come off the plan has come off 成功07年
come true 成为真的，实现05年
I have been wondering that how such a dangerous situation ________ without any sign.
A. come out B. come across C. come around D. come about
make out the outline of the mountain // the color of the bike 辨认出
make for the exit 考过 向…走去
make up the majority//a group 组成
make up a story//an excuse 编造
make up for the lost time/the loss 弥补
When the man found the policeman had spotted him, he _______ the exit as quickly as possible.
The thief broke away from the policeman. 逃离，脱离
A fire/war/fight break out. 爆发
His lecture/the relationship breaks off. 关系中断，中止
Our English will break through. 突破
The ice breaks up in the spring. 裂开
Atoms break up when tensely heated. 分解
John and I just broke up 结束
Break down A car broke down 设备坏了
The old man broke down at the news of her son’s death
go off （食）变质；断电
go by what your supervisor says 遵守
~ appearance//regulations 根据…判断
go into economic problems/ details of the occurrence 研究，探讨
go over his notes/the account 浏览；检查
run down sb. in the back 诽谤
the battery run down 失去动力
run intodifficulty/debts 遇到
run over his notes/the reports 浏览
run out of the money 用完
run out 主语是时间，金钱
cut off the electricity/conversation 切断
cut down the expenses/cost 减少
cut out a paragraph 删除
take over the company/the job 接管
take up space/time 占据
~ a new hobby, English 开始从事 take inwhat you said/students 理解，欺骗
take onresponsibilities 承担
~ more staff 雇佣
--a new look 呈现
take after his father in every way 相似，相象
see to a patient 照顾照料
see sb off at the airport 送行
see sb through 看透，识破
put out a fire/light 熄灭
put up a notice 张贴
~ tent 搭建
put off a conference 推迟
put up with the noise//abuse 忍受
set about contacting the company 开始做，着手处理
set off/set out 出发，启程
set back the traffic 阻碍
Having decided to rent an apartment in the city, they _______ contacting the accommodation agencies one after another.
lay out a plan//schedule 计划，安排
cable 铺设
lay down a new regulation 制定
lay off some staff 解雇
lay in some food 储存
laid-off workers 下岗工人，待业
fall out ~ with each other over the education of the child 争吵
hair ~ 脱落
fall through A plan/A policy ~ 落空；失败
fall back on bank account 求助于,依靠
fall behind 落后
bring about fundamental changes 引起，造成
bring forward proof 提交
bring up the abandoned baby 培养；教育
a new plan 提出
bring down the cost/ the candidates 降低；使受挫折
bring out a new novel 出版
We have to try every means to ____ the costs of the construction project.
No matter what happens, we will _______ the original principles.
A. keep to B. keep up C. keep down D. keep off
Keep to the right lane 保持// keep to the principles 遵循原则
Keep up with the pace of modern life
Keep down the wages/the cost of living 降低生活费
cut off the electricity/conversation 切断
cut down the expenses/cost 减少
cut out a paragraph 删除
cut across 抄小路
It is said that the tremendous deal _______ at the last minute
A. fall out B. fall through C. fall back on D. fall behind
fall out ~ with each other over the education of the child 争吵
hair ~ 脱落
fall through A plan/A policy ~ 落空；失败
fall back on bank account 求助于,依靠
fall behind 落后
You may encounter some trouble to _______ your ideas to others when in a different culture.
A. get across B. get by C. get over D. get at
get across the plan 使人理解
get by 通过；逃脱
get over difficulties/ fear 恢复,克服
get at his secrecy 得到；查明
Then the speaker ____ the various factors leading to the present economic crisis and then switched to the threats to world peace.
A. went off B. went by C. went into D. went over
go off （食）变质；断电
go by what your supervisor says 遵守
~ appearance 根据…判断
go into economic problems/ details of the occurrence 研究，探讨
go over his notes/the account 浏览；检查
Jane could not ______ her anger any more when the conversation turned to the criticism of his own father.
A. hold back B. hold on C. hold up D. hold to
Hold back one’s anger/feelings/emotions/tears 抑止
Hold up the traffic/the bus 停止，耽误
Hold on 不要挂电话
Hold out 维持 保持
In spite of the difficulties, they managed to _______ the policies successfully.
A. carry out B. carry on C. carry through D. carry off
carry out a plan/a policy/an experiment 执行
carry on reading 继续carry overthe rest goods 贮存(货物等)供下一季供应
Considering your salary, you should be able to _______ at least twenty dollars a week.
A. put forward B. put up C. put out D. put aside
put out a fire/light 熄灭
put up a notice 张贴
~ tent 搭建
put off a conference 推迟